Greetings

1. Сәлам

   Sälam

   Hello

   Usage

   Casual greeting to friends and peers

   Grammar Note

   A greeting of Arabic origin. To elders or strangers use "Исәнмесез".

2. Исәнмесез

   Isänmesez

   Hello / How are you? (formal)

   Usage

   Polite greeting for strangers and elders

   Grammar Note

   Literally "are you well?"; the polite/plural form matching "Сез". Also used for several people.

3. Рәхмәт

   Räkhmät

   Thank you

   Usage

   Basic thanks; "Зур рәхмәт" is warmer

   Grammar Note

   Of Arabic origin; originally a noun meaning mercy and gratitude.

4. Гафу итегез

   Gafu itegez

   Sorry / Excuse me

   Usage

   Apologising or getting someone's attention (polite)

   Grammar Note

   The polite imperative (-егез) of "гафу ит-"; to a friend say "Гафу ит".

5. Әйе

   Äye

   Yes

   Usage

   Affirmative answer; the negative is "Юк"

   Grammar Note

   Works as a one-word answer.

6. Юк

   Yuk

   No / There is none

   Usage

   Negative answer, also "there is none"; opposite of "Әйе"

   Grammar Note

   Negates existence; to negate a noun predicate use "түгел".

7. Минем исемем…

   Minem isemem…

   My name is…

   Usage

   Introducing yourself; say your name after it

   Grammar Note

   "исем" (name) with first-person possessive "-ем". The name follows: "Минем исемем Азат".

8. Хуш килдегез

   Khush kildegez

   Welcome

   Usage

   Welcoming a guest

   Grammar Note

   The polite past of "хуш кил-". "Рәхим итегез" (please, come in) is another welcome.

9. Сау булыгыз

   Saw bulygyz

   Goodbye (stay well)

   Usage

   Polite farewell

   Grammar Note

   Literally "be healthy"; with a friend say "Сау бул".

10. Хәерле иртә

    Khäyerle irtä

    Good morning

    Usage

    Morning greeting

    Grammar Note

    "хәерле" means "blessed"; the same pattern gives "Хәерле көн / кич / төн".

11. Сез татарча сөйләшәсезме?

    Sez tatarcha söyläshäsezme?

    Do you speak Tatar?

    Usage

    Asking whether someone speaks Tatar

    Grammar Note

    "-ча/-чә" gives "in the language of"; the question particle "-ме" is attached to the verb.

12. Яхшы

    Yakhshy

    Good / Fine / OK

    Usage

    A one-word "good", "fine" or "OK"

    Grammar Note

    Of Persian origin.

13. Бәдрәф кайда?

    Bädräf kayda?

    Where is the toilet/bathroom?

    Usage

    Asking where the toilet is

    Grammar Note

    "кайда" asks for a place and needs no copula.

14. Мин татарча сөйләшмим

    Min tatarcha söyläshmim

    I don't speak Tatar

    Usage

    Saying you do not speak Tatar

    Grammar Note

    Negation inserts "-ма/-мә" after the verb stem (сөйләш-мә-й-м).

15. Мин тагын килермен

    Min tagyn kilermen

    I'll come again

    Usage

    Saying you will visit again

    Grammar Note

    Future "-р" plus the first-person ending "-мен". Composed with regular grammar.

16. Күңелле булды

    Küñelle buldy

    I had a great time

    Usage

    After a pleasant time

    Grammar Note

    "булды" is the past of "бул-" (to become/be). "Күңелле иде" is also said.

17. Рәхмәт, күрешкәнче!

    Räkhmät, küreshkänche!

    Thanks, see you

    Usage

    Thanks and goodbye among friends

    Grammar Note

    "күрешкәнче" = "until we meet".

18. Хәерле төн

    Khäyerle tön

    Good night

    Usage

    Said at bedtime or when parting at night

    Grammar Note

    Same pattern as "Хәерле иртә".

19. Мин киттем

    Min kittem

    I'm heading out

    Usage

    Said when leaving home or a gathering

    Grammar Note

    The past of "кит-" (to leave), also used when stepping out.

20. Мин кайттым

    Min kayttym

    I'm back

    Usage

    Said on coming back

    Grammar Note

    The past of "кайт-" (to return).

21. Гафу итегез, миңа китәргә кирәк

    Gafu itegez, miña kitärgä kiräk

    Excuse me, I need to get going

    Usage

    Politely leaving first

    Grammar Note

    "миңа … кирәк" = I need to …; with the infinitive "китәргә" it means "I must leave".

22. Зинһар

    Zinhar

    You're welcome

    Usage

    Reply to thanks; also means "please"

    Grammar Note

    Of Persian origin; both a reply to thanks and a request marker "please".

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